Conducting and presenting research ethically is an important aspect of the research process because it protects the individuals involved and promotes accuracy in reporting, which leads to knowledge, advancement, and trust. Some journals require that research proposals, especially those with human and animal subjects, receive approval from an institutional review board (IRB) at the institution where the research will be conducted PRIOR to beginning the research. In addition, many journals require written confirmation of compliance with ethical principles to be included during the submission process.
Many professional organizations have established ethical codes or guidelines for their members:
