• Sources are cited in the text, usually in parentheses, by the author's last name, the publication date of the work cited, and a page number if needed. E.g. (Smith 2019, 35).
• Full details appear in the reference list---usually titled "References" or "Works Cited"---in which the year of publication appears immediately after the author's name.
The general rule is: each entry in the reference list must correspond to a work cited in the text ( author-date in parenthesis).
The following is an excerpt from a published research article (in the journal Phylon) along with its references. For a full sample paper, click here for Author-Date Sample Paper.
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Everyday Racism is Still Racism: The Role of Place in Theorizing Continuing Racism in Modern US Society
Barbara Harris Combs
Clark Atlanta University
......Increasingly, we hear accounts of black men and women being accosted (and worse) by police and other state actors, but in recent months the media has highlighted a number of cases of everyday insults and attacks visited on black bodies by gatekeepers given names such as Barbecue Becky, Permit Patty, and Coupon Ken (Nash 2018). ……As a result, we need to be attentive to the ways everyday racism operates in society (Essed 1991). …… A racial project may be defined as racist “if it creates or reproduces structures of domination based on racial significations and identities” (Omi and Winant [1994] 2014, 128).
References
Essed, Philomena. 1991. Understanding Everyday Racism: An Interdisciplinary Theory. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Nash, Niecy. 2018. “To the Next ‘BBQ Becky’: Don’t Call 911. Call 1-844-WYT-FEAR.” The New York Times.
October 22, 2018. Retrieved November 15, 2018 https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/22 opinion/calling-police-
racism-wyt-fear.htm
Omi, Michael, and Howard Winant. [1994] 2014. Racial Formation in the United States: From the 1960s to the
1990s. 3rd ed. New York, NY: Routledge.
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