Skip to Main Content

ASA Style Guide

Citing Sources in Text

For citations in the text include the last name(s) of the author(s) and publication year. Include page numbers when directly quoting.

If the author's name is in the text:
In another study by Smith (1989) she concluded that...

Author and date not cited in text: 
Inequality is now geographical rather than soley class based (Smith 1989).

Direct quotation with name of author:
Kuhn (1989:14) wrote "sociology must address the..."

For works with joint authors:
(Thompson and Baily 1990)

For works up to three authors:
(Smith, Jones, and Davis 1962)

For more than three authors use et al.
(Mills et al. 1992)

Last Updated: Aug 12, 2022 3:56 PM